Sighting device for firearms



6. A. BADER.

SIGHTING DEVICE ron FIREARMS.

APPLICATION HLED IAY 28. I939.

PatentedJune29, 1920. 2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

I is G. A. BADER.

SIGHTING DEVICE FOR FIREARMS. APPLICATION FILED IIAY 28. I919.

1,344,973. PatontodJune29, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1 llllllllllllk Q. mumiwg ll 4 ATTORNE r5 PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV A. BADER, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

SIGHTIN'G DEVICE FOR FIREARMS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 29, 1920.

Application filed May 28, 1919. Serial No. 300,257.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUs'rAv A. BADER, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sighting Devices for Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a rear sight for fire arms, an object of this invention being to provide a rear sight having an attaching device adapted to be readily secured to the head of a firing pin without making any changes in the firing pin. Another object of the invention is to provide a rear sight having its pivot located in such a position with reference to the column that the column may have greater adjustment and length and at the same time stronger bearing in its support without interfering with the pivot. A further object of the invention is to provide a sighting device in which the locking nut tends to move the elevating nut downwardly so that parts of the sighting device are held together compactly by the locking nut. A still further object of the invention is to provide a binding means for cooperation with the column, said binding means preferably having the elevating nut brought into cooperation therewith for the purpose of rendering the binding means effective and at the same time preventing the operation of the elevating nut. Another and still further object of the invention is to provide a split guide for the sight column upon the locking of the ele- 'vating nut against movement. A still further object of the invention is to provide a sighting column which has a maximum bearing in its guide and at the same time a maximum screw threaded engagement with its elevating nut to prevent any looseness of the column in the elevating nut. Still another and further object is to provide a detent for locking the elevating nut against movement, said detent being preferably controlled by the locking nut and also acting to hold the locking nut in unlocking position.

To these and other ends the invention consists of certain parts and combinations of parts, all of which will be hereinafter described, the novel features being pointed out in the appended claims.

auxiliary sighting device in position for In the drawings:

Figure l is a fragmentary View of a gun equipped with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view partially in section showing the gun sight attached to the bolt head of a rifle and in sighting position;

Fig. 3 is a rear View of the sighting device;

Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of a lock which secures the pivotally connected base parts in their two adjusted positions;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary section showing the sight stem or column held by the clutch;

Fig. 6 is a similar View showing the sighting stem or column released by the clutch to the action of the elevating nut;

Fig. 7 is as enlarged view in side elevation showing the sighting device folded and the use;

Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8-8, Fig. 7

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9--9, Fig. 5; I Fig. 10 is a section on the line 10--10,

Fig. 11 is a detail view of the clutch;

I Fig. 12 is a section on the line 12-12,

Fig. 13 is a section on the line l313, Fig. 6; and

Fig. 14 is a section on the line 14 14, 1 1g. 5.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 indicates a rifle of the type now used by the U. S. Army. This rifle has a bolt mechanism provided with a head 2 to which the sighting device formed in the subject matter of this invention ma be secured. The attaching means forthe sighting device may comprise a clamping socket formed with two parts 3 and 4, both of which are adapted to engage about the head 2 and to be clamped thereon by adjusting screws 5.

The sighting device has a base preferably formed of two parts 6 and 7. The part 6 is detachably connected to the rear face of the attaching device and to this end the attaching device is formed in its rear face with a dovetail or undercut groove and the part 6 of the base frame has a dove-tail projection 8 adapted to be received within said groove. A clamping plate 9 lies in the groove between one of the side walls of the latter and a side wall of the dove-tail projection 8, and this clamping plate is moved into binding engagement with the dove-tail projection by a screw 10 arranged on the attaching device. It is apparent that the dove-tail projection and groove permit the sight as a whole to be shifted horizontally or laterally of the axis of the barrel of the rifle so that the sighting cup may be alined with said axis. In this embodiment, the part 6 is bifurcated and receives the part 7 between the arms of its bifurcation, the part 7 being pivoted to the part 6 by a pivot bolt 11.

The part 7 may be held in either of two positions upon the part 6 and to this end the part 7 carries a latch 12 which is of T shape and is pivoted at 13 to the part 7. The laterally extending arms of this latch are adapted to enter the notches 14 or the notches 15 formed in the arms of the bifurcated portion of the part 6, one set at the inner ends of said arms and the other set at the outer ends of said arms. A spring 16 acts on the latch or detent 12 to hold the laterally extending arms of said detent. Pressure on the arm of the detent adjacent the spring 16 will throw the laterally extending arms of the detent out of the notches 14 or 15 and permit the swinging of the part 7 about the pivot or axis 11. l/Vhen the detent is opposite the notches 14 or 15 the spring 16 automatically causes said detent to enter the notches.

The sighting element is preferably in the form of an eye cup 17 supported at the upper end of a sighting stem or column 18. This sighting stem or column is of novel construction and is in the form of a straight sided figure in cross section, the corners formed by such a construction being provided with mutilated threads and the side faces of the stem or column being flat. The purpose of this construction is to permit the stem to be guided against looseness in its vertical movement. It is preferred to guide the stem in a guide block or collar 19, said collar having an opening conforming to the cross section of the stem or column and being supported upon the base piece 7, the collar being received within a pocketed portion or tubular projection 20 and being held in said pocketed portion by a securing screw 21. It is apparent that in the initial adjustment of the guide collar or block 19, the latter may be turned on the part 7 so that the axis of the opening in the eye cup may be properly positioned after which the securing screw 21 is employed for securing the guide block or collar 19 in its adjusted position.

For raising and lowering the sight stem or column, an elevating nut 22 may be provided. This elevating nut in this instance turns upon the threads of the sight stem or column and has a knurled collar 23 secured to the upper end thereof. This nut is provided with an external shoulder 24 above which an internal flange 25 on a lock nut 26 lies, the lock nut being internally threaded and engaging external threads on the pocketed portion 20. The lock nut prevents the elevating nut 22 from rising on the sight stem orcolumn and also has the function of binding or looking the elevating nut and the sight stem or column against movement. This latter result is preferably obtained by slitting the guide block or collar 19 at 27 so that the guide collar also acts as a split friction clutch. The upper end of this guide collar may be beveled or tapered at 28 and with this beveled portion 28 an internal beveled or tapered pocket or portion 29 in the elevating nut engages. After the sighting eye cup 17 has been adjusted to its desired position through the medium of the elevating nut 22, the locking nut 26 is turned and engages the external shoulder 24 on the elevating nut drawing the internal surface 29 on said nut against the external tapered surface 28 on the guide or clutch collar 19, thus forcing the internal walls of the guide or clutch collar against the flat faces of the sight stem or column, and holding the latter against vertical adjustment. The movement of the locking nut 26 is limited by the head of the screw 21 which operates in a notch 30 in the lower edge of the lock nut as shown in Fig. 3.

In order that the user of the device may determine the amount of adjustment given to the column there is provided an indicating means comprising an annular flange 31 formed with equi-distantly arranged notches 32 which are adapted to receive a detent 33, this detent being preferably in the form of a spring arm lying in a slot 34 in the tubular extension 20 and provided with a bowed portion 35. The lower end of the spring detent is bent upwardly at 35 and this upwardly bent portion is received within a recess 35 formed at the lower end of the slot 34, the end of the up- Wardly bent portion engaging the top of the recess in order to retain the spring in the slot. The spring or detent 33 may be removed from the slot for the purpose of repair by removing the locking nut 26. When the locking nut 26 is in unlocking position, this detent or latch 33 will permit the turning of the elevating screw 22 due to the fact that a pocket or groove 36 is provided in the locking nut which lies opposite the bowed portion 35 of the latch or detent when said locking nut 26 is in unlocking position. When the locking nut is turned to locking position, the inner face of this nut cooperates with the bowed portion 35 and holds the detent or latch 33 against movement, thus providing a double locking for the sight stem or column. When the bowed portion 35 enters the notch 36 it also acts to lock the nut 26 in unlocking position.

It will be noted that the pivot 11 or axis about which the eye cup swings, lies to one side of the column and its guide. This arrangement not only makes it possible to provide a longer column together with a greater adjustment for such column, but it also permits the column to swing to a horizontal position above the attaching device in the manner shown in Fig. 7. This latter posi tion permits the protection of the sighting device and it also permits the employment of an auxiliary sight, preferably for a larger sized aperture for twilight shooting or for use when an accident occurs to the regular sight. The auxiliary sight is preferably in the form of a piece 37 having an aperture 38 and pivoted at 39 in a pocket 40 formed in the rear face of the pivoted parts 7 of the base frame.

From the foregoing it will be seen that there has been provided a sighting device which is provided with an attaching means adapted for connection to the head of a firing pin without any changes in the firing pin. This attaching means also serves to permit the sight to be turned to either side at an angle to the perpendicular so as to accommodate the sight to the drift of the projectile, due to the rifiing of the barrel. It is apparent that when the column operates at an angle to the perpendicular, the longer the range, the farther the eye cup will be shifted away from the center of the barrel. The sighting device has the column horizontally adjustable on the attaching clamp so that the sight opening may be alined with the axis of the gun. The sighting column is also mounted to swing about a horizontal axis to one side of the axis of the column so that not only may the column be made longer to provide greater bearing and greater adjustment, but it may be swung so as to lie in a horizontal position, where it will be protected by the breech mechanism and especially the sleeve at the end of the breech bolt. The column has four flat sides and screw threads at the corners of said sides, thus giving wide bearings which will prevent any looseness of the column in its guide and at the same time providing an effective connection between the column and the elevating nut. All four sides of the column can be used to mark divisions of the graduating scale and in this way the marks for fine adjustment are not crowded. The locking nut is carried by the base portion of the sighting device and tends to draw the elevating nut downwardly into binding engagement with the base, thus producing a firm connection between the column and the base. In addition to producing the binding engagement between the elevating nut and the base, the elevating nut also tends to bind the sight stem or column in connection with the base, this being produced by a friction device which is brought into engagement with the column through the locking nut which draws the elevating nut into binding engagement with the friction device. The locking nut coacts with a spring detent to lock the elevating nut against movement and this spring detent acts to lock the locking nut in unlocking position.

WVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A sighting device comprising a two part base, one of which is provided with means for attaching it to a gun and has the other part pivotally mounted thereon to swing about a horizontal axis, a guide mounted on said swinging part out of line with said pivot, a column adjustable on said guide, an eye cup mounted on said column, and an auxiliary eye cup mounted on the rear end of said swinging part.

2. A sighting device comprising a two part base, one of which is provided with means for attaching it to a gun and is bifurcated and the other of which is mounted to swing within the bifurcation, a guide mounted on the swinging part, a column adjustable on said guide, an eye cup carried by the column, and a locking device carried by the swinging part and adapted to cooperate with the other part of the base to lock the swinging part in two positions.

3. A sighting device comprising an eye cup, a column by which the eye cup is supported, an elevating nut for raising and lowering the column, and a locking nut acting on the elevating nut to move the latter 105 toward the lower end of the column.

4. A sighting device comprising an eye cup, a column by which the eye cup is supported, a guide in which the column is adjustable, an elevating nut for raising and 110 lowering the column, and a locking nut acting on the elevating nut to draw said elevating nut into binding engagement with the guide. a

5. A sighting device comprising a base, 11 a guide thereon, a column adjustable on the guide, an eye cup carried by the column, an elevating nut for raising and lowering the column, and a locking nut mounted on the base arranged to draw the elevating nut 120 toward the lower end of the column to lock said elevating nut against movement.

6. A sighting device comprising an eye cup, a column supporting the eye cup, a guide in which the column is adjustable, an 125 elevating nut cooperating with the column, and provided with an external shoulder, a base on which the guide is mounted, and a locking nut adjustable on the base and having a portion engaging the shoulder on the 130 elevating nut for the purpose of drawing the elevating nut toward the base.

7. A sighting device comprising an eye cup, a column sup orting said sighting cup, an elevating nut cooperating with the column, binding means for engaging with the column, and means for moving said elevating nut into connection with said binding means to lock the elevating nut against movement and to cause the binding means to enter into binding engagement with the column.

8. A sighting device comprising an eye cup, a column supporting the eye cup, an elevating nut, a split guide through which the column moves, and means for moving the elevating nut into binding engagement with the split guide to cause the guide to bind against the column and the elevating nut to be held against movement.

9. A sighting device comprising a base having an externally threaded hollow projection, a split guide collar received in said hollow projection, a column adjustable in said guide collar, an elevating nut cooperating with the column, an eye cup supported by the column, and an internally threaded lock-nut adjustable on the externally threaded projection and engaging the elevating nut for the purpose of drawing said nut into engagement with the split collar to lock the elevating nut against rotation and to bind the column in the split guide collar.

10. A sighting device having a sight cup carrying column provided with a screw threaded portion, the'ridges' of the screw threads being flattened to provide flat guide faces.

11. A sighting device comprising an eye cup, a column carrying the eye cup, a guide on which the column may be raised or lowered, an elevating nut for raising and lowering the column, a detent for locking the elevating nut against movement, and a lockin g nut for holding the detent against movement.

12. A sighting device comprising an eye cup, a column by which the eye cup is carried, a guide for the column, an elevating nut for moving the column on the guide, a

nut arranged to be held in unlocking position by said detent.

13. A sighting device comprising an eye cup, a column by which the eye cup is carried, a guide on which the column moves, an elevating nut for moving the guide on the column, a spring detent for locking the elevating nut against movement, and a locking nut arranged to hold the spring detent against movement provided with a portion with which the detent engages when the locking nut is in unlocking position so that the detent holds the locking nut against movement in unlocking position.

14. A sighting device comprising an eye cup, a column by which the eye cup is carried, a guide for the column, an elevating nut for moving the column on the guide, a spring detent having a bowed portion, said detent cooperating with! the elevating nut,

a locking nut for the elevating nut having an internal wall cooperating with the bowed portion of the spring detent to hold the latter hold the locking nut in unlocking position.

15. A sighting device comprising a sighting cup, a column by which the sighting cup is carried, an elevating nut for raising and lowering the column, a spring detent for said elevating nut, and a locking nut for the elevating nut arranged to detachably hold the spring detent in cooperation with the elevating nut.

16. A sighting device comprising a sighting cup, a-column carrying the cup, an elevating nut for raising and lowering the column, abase on which the column is mounted provided with a slot formed witha shoulder therein, a spring detent arranged in said slot and cooperating with the elevating nut, and a locking nut for the elevating nut arranged to hold the spring detent in the slot with a portion thereof in engagement with the shoulder.

GUSTAV A. BADER. 

